This area has special biological characteristics, mainly due to ocean currents from tropical and subtropical regions converging on the islands, bringing animals from around the Pacific and part of the Indo-Pacific, creating a rich biodiversity and producing also a genetic isolation curtain. The temperatures of these streams also contribute to the variety of marine ecosystems.

That is why here there is a 23% of endemism and is also a refuge for endangered species of reptiles and marine mammals such as turtles and whales that found in the archipelago their main breeding site.